Network Components — Routers

Routers

A router is a device that is used to interconnect two or more different networks.
These devices observe the destination IP address within the header of an IP packet, then use the routes from the Routing Table to make the decision to forward the packet to its intended destination.
Since routers are able to read and understand IP(Internet Protocol), they are considered to be layer 3 devices due to their capabilities of reading IP information from packets.

Steps to Configure Router

set IP address for the PC0–192.168.1.10
Set different IP for the Server — 172.16.1.1
Connect PC0, Switch, and Server with Fast ethernet port and wire
Connect Switch and Router ith Gigabit ethernet port.
Set IP for the router on both ports, one for the PC0 (192.168.1.1) and the other port for the Server(172.16.1.1)
Click on the port checkbox to enable the ports.
Now we have to set up the default gateway for the PC and Server Navigate to the settings in PC and Server and set the default gateway as Router’s IP for each port.
For PC0–192.168.1.1 and for the server 172.16.1.1

In the above diagram, we have a private network/home network and a public network which is the Internet.
Private networks and public networks both have different protocols and types of technology can also vary as well.
To connect Personal and public networks, a Router is required.

if we are the home user we will have a modem and the Modem has router feature or routing capabilities. So modem in the home is also a router.